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It should generally not result in establishing trump tricks for the opponents."},{"question":"Why is ruffing from the long hand usually useless?","answer":"Ruffing from the long hand usually does not create an extra trick: it merely replaces a natural trump-length trick. Ruffing is mainly valuable when it is done from the short hand."},{"question":"When should you open up the ruff by giving up the lead to the opponents?","answer":"When it is not yet possible to ruff without losing the lead. It is often preferable to open the ruff before drawing trumps."},{"question":"How can overruffs be avoided?","answer":"Whenever possible, you should leave the opponents only with their legitimate trumps. This can be achieved by playing one or more loser-on-loser plays, then drawing trumps to clear the opponents’ excess trumps."},{"question":"Is ruffing in the short hand always done in dummy?","answer":"No. It can be done either in dummy or in declarer’s hand, depending on the trump distribution. The key point is to identify the hand with fewer trumps."},{"question":"Why is the order of plays so important in complex ruffing situations?","answer":"Because certain plays can make the ruff impossible if they are carried out too early. In advanced positions, ruffing in the short hand is often part of a precise sequence of plays."},{"question":"Can you ruff in the short hand with a 4–4 or 5–5 trump fit?","answer":"Yes, it is possible, by choosing one hand to act as the short hand. In this way, you ruff with small trumps and keep your high trumps to draw the opponents’ trumps."}],"labels":{"deal":"Deal","opensNewTab":"opens in a new tab","principles":"Principles","faq":"FAQ"}},"children":"$L11"}],"$L12"]}],"$L13"]}],"$L14"]}]}]
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11:[["$","section",null,{"className":"scroll-mt-20 bg-background px-4 py-8 md:px-8","children":["$","div",null,{"className":"space-y-4 text-base text-muted-foreground leading-7","children":[["$","p",null,{"children":["Ruffing in the short hand is the ",["$","strong",null,{"children":"number one"}]," technique in trump play at bridge. It allows declarer to take more trump tricks than the number of trumps held in the long hand. When used correctly, ruffing easily creates extra tricks; when misused, it often leads to pointless overruffs or to a loss of trump control."]}],["$","p",null,{"children":"This page offers a progressive and practical approach to ruffing in the short hand, starting with simple principles and followed by exercises ranked by difficulty. By playing, you will learn how to recognize the right situations, how to prepare a ruff properly, and how to avoid common mistakes."}]]}]}],"\n",["$","div",null,{"className":"h-px bg-[size:16px_1px] bg-linear-to-r from-50% from-transparent to-50% to-primary/20"}],"\n",["$","$L16",null,{"children":[["$","$L17",null,{"children":["$","p",null,{"children":[["$","strong",null,{"children":"Ruffing in the short hand aims to create extra trump tricks."}]," In a trump contract, it is the only way to exceed the number of tricks naturally provided by the long hand. Ruffing from the long hand usually only replaces an existing trick."]}]}],["$","$L17",null,{"children":["$","p",null,{"children":[["$","strong",null,{"children":"The ruff must be prepared."}]," In many situations, it is necessary to open the ruff by giving up the lead to the opponents (through a loser, a discard, or a finesse) in order to be able to ruff while retaining control of the hand."]}]}],["$","$L17",null,{"children":["$","p",null,{"children":[["$","strong",null,{"children":"Diagnosis is essential."}]," You should think about ruffing in the short hand when the same hand (either declarer or dummy) has both few trumps and a short side suit that can be ruffed."]}]}],["$","$L17",null,{"children":["$","p",null,{"children":[["$","strong",null,{"children":"Trump choice and timing matter."}]," Ruffing too small exposes you to an overruff; ruffing too high may help to establish the opponents’ trumps. Communications must also be taken into account so that you are in the right hand at the right time."]}]}]]}],"\n",["$","div",null,{"className":"h-px bg-[size:16px_1px] bg-linear-to-r from-50% from-transparent to-50% to-primary/20"}],"\n",["$","$L18",null,{"level":1,"title":"Level 1 | Basics of ruffing in the short hand","children":["$","p",null,{"children":"These deals illustrate typical declarer plans based on ruffing in the short hand: identifying the short hand, opening the ruff by giving up the lead, then ruffing at the right moment without drawing trumps too early. They show how to create extra trump tricks while keeping control of the hand, and why drawing trumps too soon can eliminate any ruffing opportunity."}]}],"\n",["$","div",null,{"className":"h-px bg-[size:16px_1px] bg-linear-to-r from-50% from-transparent to-50% to-primary/20"}],"\n",["$","$L18",null,{"level":2,"title":"Level 2 | Preparing the ruff and managing timing","children":["$","p",null,{"children":"These deals go deeper into ruffing in the short hand, with a focus on preparation and timing. They show situations where the ruff is effective only if drawing trumps is delayed, the correct side suit to ruff is chosen carefully, and communications between dummy and declarer are managed properly."}]}],"\n",["$","div",null,{"className":"h-px bg-[size:16px_1px] bg-linear-to-r from-50% from-transparent to-50% to-primary/20"}],"\n",["$","$L18",null,{"level":3,"title":"Level 3 | Avoiding overruffs and handling the dangerous opponent","children":"$L19"}],"\n","$L1a","\n","$L1b","\n","$L1c","\n","$L1d"]
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19:["$","p",null,{"children":"These deals focus on more advanced difficulties related to ruffing in the short hand, against active defense. They show how to protect yourself against the dangerous opponent, why some ruffs must be delayed or prepared by a loser-on-loser play, and how to choose the correct order for complementary maneuvers involving the short-hand ruff."}]
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